food and drug branch (fdb)
Food Safety Program
Bottled Water and Vended Water Source and Product Water Analysis
Physical
| Group: Physical | Maximum |
|---|---|
| Color | 15 units* |
| Odor | Threshold odor number 3* |
| Turbidity | 5 units |
| Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) | 500.0 mg/L* |
*mineral water is exempt from allowable limit.
Chemical
| Group II: Chemical Substance 1 | Maximum (mg/L) |
|---|---|
| Aluminum | 0.2 |
| Antimony | 0.006 |
| Arsenic | 0.010 |
| Barium | 2 |
| Beryllium | 0.004 |
| Cadmium | 0.005 |
| Chloride | 250 |
| Chromium | 0.1 |
| Copper | 1.0 |
| Cyanide | 0.2 |
| Fluoride | see 21 CFR 165.110(b)(4)(ii) |
| Iron | 0.3 |
| Lead | 0.005 |
| Manganese | 0.05 |
| Mercury | 0.002 |
| Nickel | 0.1 |
| Nitrate | 10 (as nitrogen) |
| Nitrite | 1 (as nitrogen) |
| Total Nitrate & Nitrite | 10 (as nitrogen) |
| Phenols | 0.001 |
| Selenium | 0.05 |
| Silver | 0.1 |
| Sulfate | 250.0 |
| Thallium | 0.002 |
| Zinc | 5.0 |
Chemical, Continued
| Group III: Chemical Substance 2 (Volatile Organic Chemicals) | Maximum (mg/L) |
|---|---|
| Benzene (71-43-2) | 0.005 |
| Carbon Tetrachloride (56-23-5) | 0.005 |
| o-Dichlorobenzene (95-50-1) | 0.6 |
| p-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7) | 0.075 |
| 1,2-Dichloroethane (107-06-2) | 0.005 |
| 1,1-Dichloroethylene (75-35-4) | 0.007 |
| cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene(156-59-2) | 0.07 |
| trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene(156-60-5) | 0.1 |
| Dichloromethane (75-09-2) | 0.005 |
| 1,2-Dichloropropane (78-87-5) | 0.005 |
| Ethylbenzene (100-41-4) | 0.7 |
| Monochlorobenzene (108-90-7) | 0.1 |
| Styrene (100-42-5) | 0.1 |
| Tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) | 0.005 |
| Toluene (108-88-3) | 1 |
| 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene (120-82-1) | 0.07 |
| 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (71-55-6) | 0.20 |
| 1,1,2-Trichloroethane (79-00-5) | 0.005 |
| Trichloroethylene (79-01-6) | 0.005 |
| Vinyl chloride (75-01-4) | 0.002 |
| Xylenes (330-20-7) | 10 |
| Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs)a | 0.01 |
| Group IV: Chemical Substance 3 (Non‐Volatile Synthetic Organic Chemicals) | Maximum (mg/L) |
|---|---|
| Alachlor (15972-60-8) | 0.002 |
| Atrazine (1912-24-9) | 0.003 |
| Benzo(a)pyrene (50-32-8) | 0.0002 |
| Carbofuran (1563-66-2) | 0.04 |
| Chlordane (57-74-9) | 0.002 |
| Dalapon (75-99-0) | 0.2 |
| 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) (96-12-8) | 0.0002 |
| 2, 4-D (94-75-7) | 0.07 |
| Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate(103-23-1) | 0.4 |
| Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(117-81-7) | 0.006 |
| Dinoseb (88-85-7) | 0.007 |
| Diquat (85-00-7) | 0.02 |
| Endothall (145-73-3) | 0.1 |
| Endrin (72-20-8) | 0.002 |
| Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)(106-93-4) | 0.00005 |
| Glyphosate (1071-53-6) | 0.7 |
| Heptachlor (76-44-8) | 0.0004 |
| Heptachlor Epoxide (1024-57-3) | 0.0002 |
| Hexachlorobenzene (118-74-4) | 0.001 |
| Hexachlorocyclopentadiene(77-47-4) | 0.05 |
| Lindane (58-89-9) | 0.0002 |
| Methoxychlor (72-43-5) | 0.04 |
| Oxamyl (23135-22-0) | 0.2 |
| Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5) | 0.001 |
| PCB's (as decachlorobiphenyls)(1336-36-3) | 0.0005 |
| Picloram (1918-02-1) | 0.5 |
| Simazine (122-34-9) | 0.004 |
| 2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)(1746-01-6) | 3 x 10-8 |
| Toxaphene (8001-35-2) | 0.003 |
| 2, 4, 5-TP (Silvex)(93-72-1) | 0.05 |
Radiological
| Group V: Radioactivity | Maximum |
|---|---|
| Combined Radium-226 and Radium-228 b | 5 pCi/L |
| Gross Alpha particle activity (including Radium-226, but excluding Radon and Uranium) | 15 pCi/L |
| Gross Beta particle activity | 50 pCi/L |
| Uranium c | 30 µg/L |
Bacteriological
| Group VI: Bacteriological, Total Coliforms | Maximum (Coliform organisms)** |
|---|---|
| Multiple Tube Fermentation Method | 2.2 MPN /100 mL |
| Membrane Filter Method | 4.0 /100 mL |
** see 21 CFR 165.110(b)(2)(i) for more details
Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproductsd
| Group VII: Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) | Maximum (mg/L) |
|---|---|
| Bromate | 0.010 |
| Chlorite | 1.0 |
| Haloacetic acids (five)(HAA5) | 0.060 |
| Group VII: Residual disinfectants | Maximum (mg/L) |
|---|---|
| Chloramine (as Cl2) | 4.0 |
| Chlorine (as Cl2) | 4.0 |
| Chlorine dioxide (as ClO2) | 0.8 |
Analyses Requirements and Testing Frequencies
All testing must be done by laboratories certified by the California Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (ELAP) or the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Analyses must be conducted in accordance with 21CFR 165.110(b) and using the methods specified in applicable sections of ''Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,'' published by the American Public Health Association.
| Group | Type of Analysis | Frequency of Testing |
|---|---|---|
| Group I | Physical | Annually |
| Group II | Chemical | Annually |
| Group III | Volatile Organic Chemicals | Annually |
| Group IV | Non-Volatile Synthetic Organic Chemicals | Annually |
| Group VII | Residual disinfectants & DBPs | Annually |
| Group V | Radioactivity | Source Water- Every 4 years Bottled Water- Every Year |
| Group VI | Bacteriological | Vended Water- Every 6 months Bottled Water- Weekly |
Notes:
a Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) is the sum of trichloromethane (chloroform), dibromochloromethane (chlorodibromomethane), bromodichloromethane (dichlorobromomethane), and tribromomethane (bromoform). TTHM shall not exceed 0.01mg/L (10 ppb) pursuant to H&SC 111080(b).
b If Gross Alpha particle activity is less than 5pCi/L you may determine only Radium-228 instead of combined Radium-226 and Radium-228.
c If Gross Alpha particle activity is less than 15pCi/L, Uranium does not have to be determined.
d Firms that do not use a public water system as the source of their water and whose source water has not been treated with a chlorine-based disinfectant or ozone, do not have to test their source water for residual disinfectants and DBPs. Firms that do not use a public water system as the source of their water but whose source water has been treated with a chlorine-based disinfectant or ozone, must test their source water for the residual disinfectants and DBPs in accordance with 21CFR 129.35(a)(4)(iii) and 66 FR 16865, Mar. 28, 2001. There are no exemptions from this testing requirement for product (bottled) water.
References
Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, sections 129.1 to 129.80, and 165.110(b). The California Health and Safety Code, sections 111070 to 111195.
The California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Sections 64421 to 64449.